Photovoltaic-thermal system combined with wavy tubes, twisted tape inserts and a novel coolant fluid: energy and exergy analysis

To create a highly efficient photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) system and maximise the energy exergy efficiency, this study aims to propose an innovative configuration of PV-T comprising wavy tubes with twisted-tape inserts. Following validation numerical model, parametric has been conducted assess geometrical effects twisted tape tubes, as well coolant fluid type velocity, on overall performance system, located in Shiraz, Iran. It is found that employing improves efficiency by approx. 6.3%. The best yields 12.4% 16.8% increase compared conventional PV systems. This achieved at 15% volumetric concentration microencapsulated phase change material slurry. monthly variation global horizontal irradiance Shiraz affected PV-T, July October exhibiting most months, corresponding 90% 11.3%, respectively.